The amino acid attached to tRNA is specified by a codon.

• A. Anticodon
• B. Codon
• C. Ribosome
• D. Enzyme

Answer: (B)

In translation, the information carried by codons in the mRNA determines which amino acid should be added to the growing protein. The tRNA that recognizes a given codon brings the matching amino acid to the ribosome, using its anticodon to pair with that codon. So the codon is the element that specifies which amino acid ends up incorporated. The anticodon on tRNA merely ensures the correct pairing, the ribosome is the machinery that builds the chain, and while enzymes load amino acids onto tRNA, the direct instruction from the codon is what guides which amino acid is used.