Which type of RNA reads the message, gathers the amino acids, and transports them to the ribosome?

• A. tRNA
• B. rRNA
• C. mRNA
• D. snRNA

Answer: (A)

In translation, the RNA that acts as the adaptor decoding the message and delivering amino acids to the ribosome is responsible for reading the codon sequence in the mRNA and bringing in the matching amino acid. Each tRNA carries a specific amino acid and has an anticodon that pairs with the corresponding codon on the mRNA, ensuring the correct amino acid is added at each step. The amino acid is attached to the tRNA by a specific enzyme, creating a charged tRNA ready to participate in protein synthesis. The ribosome then uses these charged tRNAs to build the polypeptide chain. Other RNA types have different roles: mRNA carries the genetic code, rRNA forms the ribosome and catalyzes peptide bond formation, and snRNA participates in RNA splicing. Thus, the RNA that reads the message, gathers the amino acids, and transports them to the ribosome is tRNA.